1 Samuel 13:4

Authorized King James Version

And all Israel heard say that Saul had smitten a garrison of the Philistines, and that Israel also was had in abomination with the Philistines. And the people were called together after Saul to Gilgal.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְכָל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#2
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
And all Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#3
שָֽׁמְע֣וּ
heard
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#4
לֵאמֹ֗ר
say
to say (used with great latitude)
#5
הִכָּ֤ה
had smitten
to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
#6
שָׁא֖וּל
Saul
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
#7
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#8
נְצִ֣יב
a garrison
something stationary, i.e., a prefect, a military post, a statue
#9
בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים
of the Philistines
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
#10
וְגַם
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
#11
נִבְאַשׁ
also was had in abomination
to smell bad; figuratively, to be offensive morally
#12
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
And all Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#13
בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים
of the Philistines
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
#14
וַיִּצָּֽעֲק֥וּ
were called together
to shriek; (by implication) to proclaim (an assembly)
#15
הָעָ֛ם
And the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#16
אַֽחֲרֵ֥י
after
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
#17
שָׁא֖וּל
Saul
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
#18
הַגִּלְגָּֽל׃
to Gilgal
gilgal, the name of three places in palestine

Analysis

Within the broader context of 1 Samuel, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of covenant community connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about covenant community, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of 1 Samuel.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood covenant community. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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